Opportunity Scholarship Program; Lower-income families may receive scholarships from the State to attend private school; Constitutional challenge; As-applied challenge; Facial challenge; Subject matter jurisdiction; Breadth of the remedy requested, not what is pleaded in the complaint, is controlling in determining whether the challenge is facial or as-applied.

Governmental immunity; Qualified immunity; Governmental in nature vs. Proprietary in nature; N.C. Gen. Stat § 160A-296; Affirmative duty; Roadway obstructions; Tree ordinance; Waiver of governmental immunity; Liability insurance; Insurance policy effect on the defense of governmental immunity; N.C. Gen. Stat. § 153A-435; Summary judgment.

Legionnaire's Disease; Insurance Policy's Fungi or Bacteria Exclusion; Insurance Policy's Consumption Exception; Summary judgment; Interlocutory appeal; Construction and interpretation of an insurance contract is a question of law; Insurer's duty to defend; Duty to indemnify.

Legal malpractice; easements of record; construction of deeds

no plain error where an officer testified to the contents of a search warrant and the search warrant/affidavit were entered into evidence; motion to dismiss properly denied where there was sufficient evidence that the green leafy substance seized was marijuana

officer approaching the defendant in police cruiser with blue lights flashing while blocking the only way for the defendant to leave was not a situation in which a reasonable person would feel free to leave and constituted a seizure under the Fourth Amendment

Satellite-Based Monitoring; Term of Years; Mental, Physical, or Sexual Abuse of a Minor; Fourth Amendment Reasonableness

First Amendment, true threats, communicating threats, subjective component.

motion to suppress properly denied where officer shined flashlight into vehicle and seized a plastic baggie of contraband in plain view; officer's subjective motive for a stop has no bearing in Fourth Amendment analysis

expert opinion; Rule 702(a); lay opinion; self-defense

admission of evidence; interfering or intimidating a witness

expert testimony; non-testifying expert testimony is admissible as the basis of testifying expert's opinion; officer testifying about HGN may not specify to specific alcohol concentration

summary judgment, retaliatory eviction, protected act, summary ejectment, notice to vacate

Lack of meaningful appellate review; Failure to include transcript; Written Order Controls; Jurisdiction; Rule 12(b)(2); Rule 12(b)(6).

Juvenile petition; Self-incrimination; Privilege against self-incrimination; N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2405; 5th Amendment.

Foreclosure, NC. R. Civ. P. 60(b); void order; trustee neutrality; notice of neutrality.

sovereign immunity, implied-in-fact contract, 12(b)(6), Corum

petition for writ of certiorari, structured sentencing act, mitigating factors, presumptive range

motion to suppress, public vehicular area, probable cause, plain smell, plain view